The study tracked 4,282 men and women between the ages of 46 and 75, evaluating their ability to sit down and stand up from the floor without using their hands, knees, or any support. Each participant received a score out of 10, broken into two components – five points for sitting, five for standing.Over the 12 years, researchers observed a stark correlation: the lower the score, the higher the risk of death. Participants who scored between 0 and 4 points were six times more likely to die during the follow-up period than those who earned a perfect 10. Those in the middle range (scoring 4.5 to 7.5) faced two to three times the mortality risk.Perhaps most eye-opening was this: half of the individuals who scored zero did not survive the 12 years, compared to just 4% of those who scored a full 10. That’s an 11-fold difference in mortality rates based on one deceptively simple movement.
At first glance, sitting down and standing up seem trivial. But as Dr. Araujo explained to The Washington Post, the movement is surprisingly complex. It draws on several physical abilities at once, notably:
“The test works because it captures all of these components in one fluid motion,” Araujo explained. “If someone struggles, it may reflect broader issues with inflammation, mobility, or muscle loss—factors known to contribute to chronic diseases.”In short, it’s not just about the movement. It’s what that movement reveals about the body’s inner health, especially as we age.
Researchers found that every point lost in the test cor with a 31% increase in mortality risk, even when controlling for age, gender, and BMI. Those who required a hand, knee, or another part of the body for support had lower scores and also higher mortality.Importantly, the deaths in this study weren’t all to heart disease. Many were from natural causes, such as cancer and age- decline. This suggests the test reflects overall vitality, not just cardiovascular strength.
Like any study, this one comes with caveats. The participants were all drawn from a private exercise medicine clinic in Rio, meaning they may not represent broader populations, especially people with limited access to healthcare or varying socioeconomic backgrounds. Additionally, the study did not account for smoking status, which is a major risk factor for cardiovascular and pulmonary disease.Still, experts agree the findings are worth paying attention to. “It’s not a diagnostic test,” Araujo clarified. “But it is a practical indicator. It gives people a chance to check in on their physical health without needing to visit a doctor.”
You don’t need special equipment to try the sit-and-rise test at home. But Dr. Araujo and his team strongly recommend having a partner nearby, especially for older adults or those with joint problems. Here’s the step-by-step:
You begin with 10 points. Subtract 1 point for each time you use your hand, knee, forearm, or side of your leg to help. A loss of balance also subtracts 0.5 points.(Note: If you have knee or hip pain or a recent injury, skip this test. Talk to your physician instead.)
We often focus on how fast we can run, how much we can lift, or how many steps we take in a day. But this research points to something more fundamental: our capacity for basic movement may tell us more about our ageing process than our mile time ever could.As we grow older, preserving strength, balance, and coordination becomes more important than maximising peak performance. This test puts the spotlight on those quiet, everyday capacities we usually take for granted—until we lose them.
Rather than treating this as a pass-or-fail test of mortality, think of it as a red flag system. If you score low, it’s not a death sentence, it’s a sign that your body may benefit from more mobility work, strength training, and balance-focused activities.Regular exercises like yoga, tai chi, resistance training, and even daily walking can help improve the very components this test measures. And unlike fad workouts or supplements, these approaches have well-established benefits for heart health, joint health, and inflammation levels.